Q. A 55-year-old man with a history of hypertension and heart failure is brought to the emergency room with shortness of breath and chest tightness. His examination reveals crackles in his lungs and jugular venous distension. His blood pressure is elevated and heart sounds are muffled. He is diagnosed with cardiogenic pulmonary edema and is treated with furosemide. After receiving the medication, he begins to improve and is able to breathe more easily. Which of the following acid-base disturbances is commonly caused by furosemide?