Q. A 14-year-old male adolescent is brought to the emergency department because of shortness of breath that started one hour ago. He has had multiple attacks of nocturnal dyspnea and wheezing but never to this severity. The patient's medical history is significant for seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Upon examination, the patient appears drowsy with intermittent confusion. Chest auscultation reveals bilateral sonorous expiratory rhonchi. The patient was intubated and transferred to the intensive care unit for respiratory monitoring and supportive care.
Which of the following cytokines is likely increased in the above patient?