Q. A 70-year-old man presents to your primary care clinic with complaints of frequent urination, lower abdominal pain, and cloudy urine for the past few days. He is a known diabetic and is on regular treatment.
His temperature is 98.6°F (37°C), pulse is 90 beats per minute, blood pressure is 130/90 mmHg, and respiratory rate is 14 per minute. A digital rectal examination reveals a tender and edematous prostate.
Urinalysis shows the presence of pus cells and few white blood cell casts.
Where are these urinary casts typically formed, and what is their significance in this patient's case?