Cardiology & Vascular Disease Q-Bank

Nurse Practitioner (NP) > NP Board Review Questions > Cardiology & Vascular Disease

Q. A 5-year-old boy is brought to the primary care clinic for a routine check-up. He is in the normal growth range and his vaccinations are current. His temperature is 98.6°F ( 37°C), pulse is 80 beats per minute, blood pressure is 110/70 mmHg and respiratory rate is 14 per minute. During the cardiac examination, a vibratory heart murmur during systole is heard. This murmur is heard best at the left lower sternal border and does not radiate. The murmur is louder in a supine position than in a sitting position. The child has no associated symptoms. The rest of the examination is normal. What is the most likely cause of this murmur, and how would you manage this patient?

The murmur is most likely due to aortic stenosis; refer the patient for further cardiac evaluation.
The murmur is most likely a functional or innocent murmur; reassure the patient, that no further evaluation is necessary.
The murmur is most likely due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; refer the patient for further cardiac evaluation.
The murmur is most likely due to mitral regurgitation; order an echocardiogram to assess valve function.
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