USMLE/COMLEX - Step 2 - Paget’s Disease

USMLE/COMLEX - Step 2 - Paget’s Disease Paget's disease of bone is a chronic condition that causes abnormal bone growth and destruction. The cause of the disease is not fully understood, but it is thought to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The disease involves increased activity of osteoclasts, leading to excessive bone resorption and weakened bones. As the disease progresses, osteoblasts also form abnormal bone formation, which produces weaker and more fracture-prone bone tissue. Bone pain Headaches, hearing loss, vision problems Heart failure, chest pain, arrhythmias) Bone deformities Bone tenderness Bone fractures Hearing loss Vision problems High alkaline phosphatase levels X-rays Bone scans Blood tests CT or MRI scans Biopsy Some common treatments for Paget's disease: 1. Medications: Bisphosphonates, such as alendronate and risedronate, are the most commonly prescribed medications for Paget's disease. These drugs help to slow down bone remodeling and reduce the risk of fractures. In addition, Calcitonin may also be prescribed to help reduce bone pain. 2. Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to correct bone deformities or to prevent fractures. 3. Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help to improve joint mobility and strength in affected areas. 4. Lifestyle changes: Patients with Paget's disease are advised to maintain a healthy diet, exercise regularly and avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.