USMLE/COMLEX - Step 2 - Lung abscess

Pathophysiology
Aspiration of food or oropharyngeal secretions that causes obstruction of the airways and leads to the collection of pus in the parenchyma and necrotic tissue
Etiologies
Peptostreptococcus Prevotella Bacteroides Fusobacterium Streptococci virdians Staphylcoccus aureus Klebsiella Pseudomonas Group A Streptococcus Haemophilus influenzae Streptococcus anginosus Entamoeba histolytica Paragonimus westermani Cryptococcus Aspergillus Coccidioides Histoplasma
Symptoms
Pleuritic chest pain Cough Foul smelling purulent sputum Fever Hemoptysis Fatigue
Diagnostics
Chest x-ray CT of the chest Gram stain and culture of aspirate of abscess
Treatment
Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as ampicillin-sulbactam, carbapenems, or clindamycin Modify antibiotics based on culture results and clinical response