USMLE/COMLEX - Step 2 - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
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USMLE/COMLEX Step 2 Drill - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Author: Dr. Tatiana Santos, MD
Additional Information: Cardiomyopathies
Which gene is mutated in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Beta myosin heavy chain
What is the mode of inheritance?
Autosomal Dominant
What is the pathophysiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Thickening of the interventricular septum and left ventricle impairing ventricular filling and relaxation
What symptoms will the patient complain of?
Syncope, palpitations, dyspnea, and angina
True or False: Associated symptoms must be present in order to diagnose a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
False. The patient may be asymptomatic.
How is the patient treated?
1st line: beta blockers
2nd line: calcium channel blockers
What is the pathophysiology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Thickening of the interventricular septum and left ventricle impairing ventricular filling and relaxation
What symptoms will the patient complain of?
Syncope, palpitations, dyspnea, and angina
How is it diagnosed?
Echocardiography
Chest x-ray
ECG
What will be visualized on the echocardiography?
Hypertrophied interventricular septum and obstruction of blood flow
How is the patient treated?
Beta blockers or non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
pacemaker
Left untreated, what are the consequences?
Heart failure
Stroke