Paracentesis (aka, abdominal tap)

Paracentesis is performed by inserting a needed or catheter into the peritoneal cavity, usually about 2cm below the umbilicus, with care to avoid the inferior epigastric vessels. The procedure removes ascitic fluid (excess fluid, 25+ mm) in the peritoneal space.

• Removal can help reduce tension on the viscera
• Analysis of the fluid can help determine its cause

Cirrhosis and the resulting portal hypertension is a common cause of ascites. Diuretics, low-sodium diet, and liver transplantation are other treatments for ascites.