1% Hydroxyamphetamine (Paredrine) Test
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The hydroxyamphetamine test selectively assesses the 3rd order neuron (the superior cervical ganglion) because it stimulates the release of noradrenalin into the synaptic cleft at the terminus of the end neuron of the sympathetic chain (whereas cocaine impairs the reuptake of noradrenaline within the synaptic cleft, instead). After 45 minutes, if the pupil responds to hydroxyamphetamine, the lesion is preganglionic whereas if it does not, the lesion is postganglionic.