Electrochemical Gradient
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ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT
- Concentration gradient is important for movement of molecules, but voltage difference between the two sides of the membrane can also play a role
Electrochemical gradient
Combined force due to the membrane voltage and concentration gradient
Electrochemical gradient when molecules are non-charged
- Movement based on concentration gradient ONLY, voltage difference plays no role
Electrochemical gradient when molecules are charged and voltage and concentration gradient work together
- Larger electrochemical gradient when voltage and concentration gradient work in the same direction
Electrochemical gradient when molecules are charged and voltage and concentration gradient oppose one another
- Smaller electrochemical gradient when voltage and concentration work in opposite directions