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Central Vacuole
Central Vacuole
  • Functions in storage, waste breakdown and metabolism.
  • It enlarges to promote plant growth and is part of the endomembrane system in plants.
  • Tonoplast is the membrane enclosing the central vacuole.
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Central Vacuole

Plant vs. Animal Cell
SHARED FEATURES
  • Plasma membrane
  • Cytosol
  • Nuclear envelope
  • Nuclear pores
  • Nucleus
  • Chromatin
  • Nucleolus
  • Ribosomes
  • Endoplasmic reticulum (both smooth ER and rough ER) and ER lumen
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Endosome
  • Mitochondria
  • Peroxisome
  • Cytoskeleton made up of: Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
  • Centrosome
ANIMAL CELLS ONLY
  • Lysosome
  • Centriole
  • Flagella (though not all animal cells have them and some plant sperm have them)
PLANT CELLS ONLY
  • Cell wall (made of cellulose)
  • Plasmodesmata (channels through the cell wall and plasma membrane connecting the cytoplasms of adjacent cells)
  • Central vacuole (storage, waste breakdown, aids metabolism)
  • Tonoplast (membrane enclosing central vacuole)
  • Chloroplast (photosynthetic organelle) – Outer membrane, inner membrane, stroma (fluid within inner membrane), thylakoids