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Glycolysis
GLYCOLYSIS
- 1 glucose (6-carbon sugar) breaks down to 2 pyruvates (3-carbon sugar).
- Net 2 ATP produced: 2 consumed (investment phase) and 4 generated (pay off)
- 2 NADH produced
REGULATED STEPS
Hexokinase
- Glucose + ATP Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP
Phosphofructokinase
- Fructose-6-phosphate + ATP -> fructose-1,6-biphosphate + ADP
Pyruvate kinase
- Phosphoenol pyruvate + ADP -> Pyruvate + ATP
ENZYMES OF GLYCOLYSIS
Listed in chronological order (substrate/product in parentheses)
- Hexokinase (glucose/glucose-6P)
- Phosphoglucose isomerase (glucose-6P/fructose-6P)
- Phosphofructokinase (fructose-6P/fructose-1,6P)
- Aldolase (fructose-1,6P/G3P & DHAP)
- Triose phosphate isomerase (DHAP/G3P)
- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3P/1,3-bisphosphoglycerate)
- Phosphoglycerate kinase (1,3-bisphosphoglycerate /3-phosphoglycerate)
- Phosphoglycerate mutase (3-phosphoglycerate /2-phosphoglycerate)
- Enolase (2-phosphoglycerate /phosphoenol pyruvate)
- Pyruvate kinase (phosphoenol pyruvate /pyruvate)